This Revolt was initiated by the sepoys of the company, so it has been commonly termed as ‘Sepoy Mutiny’. Besides, they had other grievances. This incident, popularly known as the Greased Cartridges Incident, became the immediate cause of the revolt. A major cause of the outbreak of the revolt was the fear among the people that the British government was determined to destroy their religion and convert Indians to Christianity. Various reasons has led to the revolt. Discontent and resentment against British rule had been growing among the Indians for a long time. 4. 8.) They one by one became victims of British expansionism 4… The Nawabs of Awadh had always been loyal to the British. Write a short note on the Revolt of 1857 in India. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Historians have identified diverse political, economic, military, religious and social causes of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The company’s trade policy destroyed Indian handicrafts. Then British Governor-General of India, Lord Dalhousie (1848 to 1856) who passed the Widow Remarriage Act of 1856 also passed decrees allowing Hindus who had converted to Christianity to be able to inherit property, which had previously been denied by local practice. The Hindu sepoys resented this as according to the popular Hindu belief, travel across the sea led to a loss of caste. Government of India Act 1858 was passed, according to which the army, financial system, was reorganized and was administered directly by the British government in the new British Raj. In order to open the cartridges and load the rifles, soldiers (known as sepoys) had to bite into the paper and tear it with their teeth. It was estimated that not more than one fourth of the total area and not more than one tenth of the total population was affected. It deeply hurt the sentiments of the Company’s sepoys because most of them came from Awadh. 1857 की क्रांति ||Revolt of 1857 history in Hindi || modern history of india in hindi || part 1 - Duration: 14:12. Wherein  the sepoys were Indian soldiers who were recruited into the Company’s army. Download for free of cost and get access to video classes, exams and study cards with a single subscription fee. Thus British government passed Government of India Act 1858 on August 2, 1858, according to which the power that the company enjoyed was snatched and a direct rule was established. He was driven by conviction to bring all the Indian states ruled by local rulers into the fold of British administration. The revolt was poorly organized with no co-ordination … The first soldier to protest against using the greased cartridges was Mangal Pandey. The Revolt of 1857  was a major outbreak but ultimately unsuccessful, uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company. Under this spurious doctrine, he annexed Satara, Sambalpur, Jhansi and Nagpur etc. The main persons behind this rebellion were the soldiers [sepoy]. The order that forbade the sepoys from wearing caste and sectarian marks hurt their sentiments deeply. Why was the Revolt a failure? The vigorous application of the policies of Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse angered the ruling sections of the society. Assam PSC Junior Engineer (Civil) Screening Test Admit Card, List of 28 States of India and their Capitals and Languages, New Map of India with States and Capitals, List of government banks in India: All you need to know, Kerala PSC LDC Syllabus and Exam Pattern 2020, Kerala PSC 10th Level Preliminary Syllabus 2020. Samajho All India UPSC Prelims Test Series: https://premium.samajho.com This is a Must Watch video for those who are preparing for any Entrance Exam. Our mission is to liberate knowledge. Ravi Yadav PCS 212,049 views 14:12 It is considered as the country’s First War of Independence which was against the rule of the British.. The revolutionary leader who conducted guerrilla warfare against British during 1857 revolt? As they were an integral part of the Indian society, they too suffered the consequences of the oppressive British rule. Causes for the failure of Revolt 1857. The economic policies of the British were mainly exploitative and led to the severe destruction of the Indian economy. As the Hindus consider the cow sacred and the Muslims do not eat pit’s meat, both these communities were enraged at such a blatant attempt to harm their religion. The era of annexation and expansion ended. PreserveArticles.com is a free service that lets you to preserve your original articles for eternity. Reforms such as abolition of ‘sati’, legalization of widow remarriage and extension of western education to women were looked upon as examples of interference in the social customs of the country. The annexation of Awadh inflamed their strong feelings against foreign rule. The British East India Company had recently introduced the Enfield rifle; the cartridge of the new rifle had to be bitten off before loading and the grease was reportedly made of beef and pig fat. This turned them against the British. The Revolt of 1857 convinced the British the futility of interfering in the traditional socio-religious customs of India. Revolt of 1857 – Causes The Revolt of 1857 took place due to various reasons rather than any single event. It is believed by many historians that Lord Dalhousie laid the foundations of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He belonged to the 34th Infantry stationed at Barrackpore. 7. Who was the British Military chief at the time of 1857 revolt? The most important cause of popular discontent was the British policy of economically exploiting India. Military and 6. Almost half the Indian soldiers not only did not Revolt but fought against their own countrymen. Disclaimer The revolt of 1857 created a big gap between the different religious communities especially the Hindus and the Muslims as each blamed the other for its failure. As they were … The Revolt of 1857 was described as ‘The first war of Independence’ by. India’s traditional economy collapsed as a result of the British ‘investment’ policies and revenue administration. Peasants had to pay even higher revenue and additional taxes were imposed. The Revolt of 1857 seemed to call the very presence of the British into question, What are the main causes for the Failure of the Revolt of 1857, Controlling in Management # Meaning, Definition, Types, Process, Steps and Techniques. Educated Indians were denied promotions and appointments to high office. Another cause of sepoy discontent was the withdrawal of the Foreign Service allowance (‘batta’), which the sepoys were getting for fighting outside the country. The Indian sepoys were looked upon as inferior beings and treated with contempt by their British officers. It was the first great struggle of the Indians for freedom from British imperialism. The policy of taxing lands belonging to temples and mosques lent further support to this idea. The self-confidence of the British and their plans for the rapid westernization of India through social reforms were shattered. Although the revolt of 1857 was a failure, but this helped in sowing the seeds of nationalism among the Indians. A corrupt and unresponsive administration added to the miseries of the people. Under the doctrine of lapse, the British annexed any Indian state where the ruler did not have a male heir. Immediate causes. Princely states were promised partial autonomy while remaining under British protection. 5. Before publishing your Article on this site, please read the following pages: 1. 3. Who was the first Martyr in the first Indian Independence war 1857? One of the important events of Indian history is the Revolt of 1857. Revolt of 1857 is known as the biggest revolt by Indians against the foreigners, forcing them to leave our motherland India. Sepoys had to open the greased cartridge with one’s teeth to load the Enfield rifle. The peasants suffered due to high revenue demands and the strict revenue collection policy. Indian economy now suffered under the British policies. This punishment incensed their comrades, who rose on May … Below listed are few other reasons  that  led to revolt of1857-. At this time, the Enfield rifle was introduced in the army. For which he started to use doctrine of lapse. There was diverse reasons like political, economic, military, religious and social reasons for the uprising of revolt against the tyranny of British East India company. The increasing activities of the Christian missionaries and the actual conversions made by them were taken as a proof of this fear. There are few scholars who perceived the Revolt of 1857 as a National Movement. Download Entri & get free monthly current affairs capsule PSC mock tests. The EIC returned to being just a trading organization. Many causes led to the outbreak of Revolt of 1857. There were other specific and more immediate causes for the discontent among the sepoys. The causes for the revolt of 1987 was can categorized under 1. So also the Act of 1816 which required the new recruits to travel overseas, if needed. This  uprising rebellion posed a considerable threat to British power and gave Indian’s more hope and strength to fight for freedom. Historians like Sir John Seeley called the revolt a mere sepoy mutiny with no popular support and native leadership. South India remained quiet and Punjab and Bengal were only marginally affected. That spark was provided by as small a thing as a rifle cartridge. Causes of Revolt of 1857. Content Guidelines Economic Causes 2. British rule had adversely affected the interest of almost all sections of society and severely affected the way of life in India. It was the first rebellion against the East India Company which took the massive form. Enter your email address and spin the wheel. Many Indian Hindus were not happy with legal changes introduced by the British which led to prohibitions few Indian religious customs such as Abolition of Sati (1829), Hindu Widow Remarriage Act (1856). A) Delhi ------------- … 5. The Revolt of 1857 is an important topic in almost every competitive exams. Prior to the rebellion, the BEIC had imposed a new law ‘doctrine of lapse’ and the policy ‘subsidiary alliance’, which deprived Indian ruler of their kingdoms . This disaffection ultimately led to a mass uprising which we know today as the revolt of 1857. All avenues of the promotion were closed to them as all the higher army posts were reserved for the British. The Revolt of 1857 is also called as Sepoy Mutiny, the Indian Mutiny, the Great Rebellion, the Indian Insurrection, and the First War of Independence. How you can use Entri app for your exam preparation: Hope you have benefited from this article. On 24 April 1857, some soldiers stationed at Meerut also refused to use the cartridges. This was the official beginning of the ‘Great Revolt’. The immediate cause of the Indian Revolt of 1857, or Sepoy Mutiny, was a seemingly minor change in the weapons used by the British East India Company's troops. People who made a living by following religious and cultural pursuits lost their source of livelihood due to the withdrawal of royal patronage caused by the displacement of the old ruling classes. They were also influenced by the general fear that their religion was in danger. It is also referred to as “First war of Independence”but ended up in a failure. The news spread that the grease was made of cow and pig fat. The British, after the Revolt of 1857, decided to concentrate in providing a sound and efficien… You can access full length mock tests and previous year question papers. Revolt of 1857 : History, Causes, Effects, Outcome. To which regiment did Mangal Pandey belong? Download Entri & get free Kerala PSC mock tests, The Revolt of 1857 took place due to various reasons rather than any single event. What was the immediate cause of the Revolt of 1857? Introduced by Lord Dalhousie. India - India - The mutiny and great revolt of 1857–59: When soldiers of the Bengal army mutinied in Meerut on May 10, 1857, tension had been growing for some time. Here we outline the various political and economic factors that helped cause the revolt. PreserveArticles.com: Preserving Your Articles for Eternity. One of the main cause for uprising in several sepoy companies of the Bengal army was because of the  introduction of new gunpowder cartridges for the Enfield rifle. The Revolt or uprising of 1857 was a valiant effort by disgruntled Indian sepoys to overthrow the colonial power from Indian shores, however, it ended in failure. The causes include many factors such as Political, Economic, Social, Religious and Military causes. Political Causes 3. Indians were agitated with the company because increased tax on land. The social discrimination faced by the Indians due to the British attitude of racial superiority also led to much resentment. The strong opposition to the social legislation especially coming from the orthodox elements in both the Hindu and the Muslim community put the British on the defensive. What was the character of the Revolt of 1857? In late March 1857 a sepoy named Mangal Pandey attacked British officers at the military garrison in Barrackpore.He was arrested and then executed by the British in early April. He refused to use the cartridges and was subsequently hanged. Entri is the largest exam preparation platform for all Banking, SSC, Railway and State Level PSC exam like Kerala PSC, APPSC, TNPSC, TSPSC in local languages, © 2020 Entri.app - Privacy Policy | Terms of Service. But, the causes of the Revolt of 1857 remains the same. On 9 May 1857, they were severely punished for this. The belief that their religion was under threat, united all sections of society against a common enemy. Here, they were joined by the local infantry. Rani Lakshmi Bai and Nana Sahib became bitter enemies of the British and led to the revolt in their respective territories. This seems to have been a very important reason for the spread of the rebellion, Heavy taxation and land annexations by the British East Indian Company (BEIC) led to a large number of peasants losing their land, were another reason  for the uprising. 4. This incident sparked off a general mutiny among the sepoys of Meerut. Also the British East India Company had abandoned its policy of non-interference in the social and religious life of the Indians. 6. Who was Governor General of India during 1857 mutiny? The soldiers then set off for Delhi. Indian sepoys believed that the cartridges were greased with cow and pig fat. The British policy of territorial annexations led to the displacement of a large number of rulers and chiefs. A group of historians and writers has asserted that the Revolt was the result of a widespread and well-organized conspiracy. All the articles you read in this site are contributed by users like you, with a single vision to liberate knowledge. The rebels seized Delhi and declared the Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar as the emperor of India. Stated thal heirs adopted without the approval of the Compay would only inherit the private property of the owner and the territories would be seized by the Company. It was initiated by sepoys in the Bengal Presidency against the British officers,  marking the beginning to the end of rule by the British East India company. Only a spark was needed to set the country ablaze. The British provided no alternative source of employment to the people who lost their jobs due to the dissolution of the Nawab’s administration. An uprising in several sepoy companies of the Bengal army was sparked by the issue of new gunpowder cartridges for the Enfield rifle in February 1857. Economic cause: The Great Revolt of 1857 was also an outburst of grievances due to the economic exploitation of the company. What were the basic and immediate causes of the revolt of 1857? Important Abbreviations for Competitive Exams, Gandhi Jayanti Quiz – GK Questions on Mahatma Gandhi, Top Weekly Current Affairs for SSC, RRB, Bank, PSC 2020 September 21 to 27, World Animal Welfare Day – Quiz, History, Activities and Quotes, Download Entri & attempt free GK Quiz and ace exam preparations. The Indian Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 is also known as the Great Revolt, Indian Rebellion, the Great Uprising and the Great Rebellion of 1857. When Muslim and Hindu troops learned that the tip of the … The period after the revolt saw major changes in British policies and in the administrative set-up of India. The annexation was widely seen as a blatant act of back-stabbing by the British. Revolt of 1857 is considered as a watershed movement in history. Ruin of the Mercantile Class. Moreover, even under the new regime, the people of Awadh got no relief from oppression. On 10 May 1857, these rebel soldiers killed their British officers, released their imprisoned comrades and hoisted the flag of revolt. 10. Privacy Policy The sepoys were Indian soldiers who were recruited into the Company's army. Later in April sepoy troopers at Meerut refused the Enfield cartridges, and, as punishment, they were given long prison terms, fettered, and put in jail. Let's discuss these causes in detail; 1. Social 4. In this article we will discuss about the Revolt of 1857 and its causes and effects. CAUSES OF REVOLT. The administration did nothing to mitigate these fears and Hindu and Muslim sepoys felt their religion was in grave … Its cartridges were covered with a greased paper cover. PreserveArticles.com is an online article publishing site that helps you to submit your knowledge so that it may be preserved for eternity. Economic Causes: Added to political and administrative distrust for the British East India Company, … Bahadur Shah was arrested at Humanyun’s tomb and exiled to Rangoon where he died in 1862 bringing the Mughal dynasty to an end. Check us for further details. The Company had upgraded to the new Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle, which used greased paper cartridges. 1. 3. Religion 5. It was mainly fought against the biggest East India Company which acted as the supreme power at … Artisans and craftsmen were ruined by the large-scale influx of cheap British manufactured goods into India which, in turn, made their hand-made goods uneconomical to produce. By AD 1857, the stage was set for a massive revolt. After the outbreak of the mutiny in Meerut, the rebels quickly reached Delhi  and proclaimed Bahadur Shah Zafar as emperor of India. Revolt of 1857 - its causes and effects The causes which caused resentment against the British rule was Economic, Political, Socio-religious and Military. The annexation of Awadh, on grounds of misgovernment, was greatly resented. Copyright. Find the incorrect match for the centre of the revolt and associated british officer. The rebellion. 2. They were paid much less than the British soldiers. Examples - Jhansi, Satara, Nagpur, Sambalpur etc seized in this … But it was not simply a revolt of sepoys. But eventually everything took a toll  when the rebellion was contained by British East India Company by end of 1857 and beginning of 1858. The rebellion against colonialisation of British East India Company, began on 10th  May, 1857, in the form of a mutiny by sepoys of the Company’s army in the garrison town of Meerut and this led to further mutinies by civilian rebellions in other parts of India mainly in upper Gangetic plain and central India. This hurt all sections of society. The reasons for the failure of the 1857 Revolt are many and can be grouped into Administrative, Military and Political causes. 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